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THE CITIZENSHIP DESK

India

IND

India does not permit dual citizenship but offers an Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) card for diaspora members, providing many of the rights of residency without full citizenship. The country's enormous economy and tech sector make it the world's largest source of skilled emigrant workers, many of whom seek citizenship elsewhere.

→ If you hold a India passport, see the India nationality guide

Passport Rank

#80

Visa-Free

60

destinations

Country Details

Capital
New Delhi
Currency
Indian Rupee (INR)
Languages
Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Tamil
Population
1,428,600,000
Tax System
Residence Based
Dual Citizenship
Not allowed
Naturalisation
11 years
Schengen / EU
No
Climate
Tropical / Desert / Alpine
English Proficiency Rank
#55

Indices

Cost of Living

20

Safety

44

Healthcare

56

Quality of Life

130

Tax Summary

Tax System
Residence Based
Territorial Taxation
No — worldwide income taxed for residents
Naturalisation
11 years of legal residency
Dual Citizenship
Not allowed

Cost of Living by City

← scroll the table →

Monthly cost of living per major city in USD: rent, groceries, utilities, transit pass
CityRent 1BR centreRent outsideGroceriesUtilitiesTransit pass
Mumbai$820$480$200$60$18
Bangalore$620$380$190$55$16

Monthly USD figures. Typical central 1-bedroom rent, grocery basket for one, household utilities, monthly transit pass.

Climate

Mumbai

24°J
25°F
28°M
30°A
32°M
30°J
28°J
28°A
29°S
30°O
28°N
25°D

Rainfall range: 2710 mm/month · Daylight 11h (winter) to 13h (summer)

Bangalore

21°J
23°F
26°M
28°A
27°M
24°J
23°J
23°A
24°S
24°O
22°N
20°D

Rainfall range: 5180 mm/month · Daylight 11h (winter) to 13h (summer)

Naturalisation Details

Residence Years
12
Language Test
Yes (Hindi or regional language of the state of application + civics knowledge)
Civic Test
Yes
Oath Required
Yes
Dual Allowed
No
Fee
$25
Processing
~36 months

Real Estate

Avg price/sqm (capital)
$5,500
Transaction taxes
6%

Foreign buyers: Foreign nationals (non-NRIs) generally cannot purchase immovable property in India without RBI approval. NRIs and OCIs can purchase residential and commercial property freely (not agricultural/plantation land). Mumbai prime areas ₹35,000-80,000/sqft ($4,500-10,000/sqm). Stamp duty 5-7% (varies by state); registration fee 1-2%. Capital gains tax: 20% with indexation (long-term, >2 years); 30% short-term. Repatriation capped at USD 1M per financial year.

International Schools

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International schools by city, curriculum, and annual tuition
SchoolCityCurriculumTuition (USD/yr)
American Embassy SchoolNew DelhiUS + IB$22,000–$35,000

Daily Life Logistics

Internet

85 Mbps median

45% fibre coverage

eSIM: Jio, Airtel, Vi (Vodafone Idea), BSNL

Driving

IDP required

Local licence required after 12 months

Exchange eligible: Drives on the LEFT. IDP valid for 1 year for foreign visitors; thereafter must obtain Indian driving licence. Bilateral agreements with select countries allow exchange; in practice most expatriates sit the Indian driving test at a local RTO.

Pet Relocation

Quarantine: none

Rabies titre required

EU pet passport: not accepted

Safety

GPI Rank

#116

Global Peace Index ranking (lower is safer)

Common Risks

  • "gem investment" scams targeting foreign tourists in Jaipur and Agra
  • overcharging tuk-tuk and taxi drivers, especially from airports
  • fake tour guides at heritage monuments demanding high commissions
  • SIM card fraud and fraudulent QR-code UPI payment requests

Examples of areas to avoid: Old Delhi streets after midnight, Dharavi and outer Mumbai industrial zones for tourists unfamiliar with the area, Paharganj (Delhi) — petty crime, especially at night

LGBTQ+ Legal Status

Same-Sex Marriage
Not legal
Civil Partnerships
Not recognised
Anti-Discrimination Law
No
ILGA Rank
#72

Religious Life

Halal Food
Widely available
Kosher Food
Limited
Prayer Facilities
Common

Sample Citizenship Test Questions

Q1. India adopted its Constitution on which date?

Answer: 26 January 1950

Source: Ministry of Home Affairs — Indian Citizenship Naturalisation

Q2. Which article of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability?

Answer: Article 17

Source: Ministry of Home Affairs — Indian Citizenship Naturalisation

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